Here's the other piece I wrote for my application to Fangraphs.
I refer a lot to a statistic called wOBA (weighted on base average), which takes on base percentage and slugging percentage, adds a little to the importance of OBP and gives you a nice little three digit statistic to measure with which to measure a hitter's success at the plate. It's best looked at the same way one would see OBP - .330 average, .300 horrible, .350 pretty good, .400 great. If you'd like a much better explanation than that (I don't blame you at all there),
here it is.
After spending the last week watching Marco Scutaro, Jed Lowrie and Darnell McDonald toil about in the second spot of baseball's second best offense, I've begun to suspect that maybe superior pitching talent and a lack of juiced-up sluggers aren't the only reasons we find ourselves in this new era of low offensive outputs. Could it be that part of baseball's run problem right now stems from a general lack of manager intuition when it comes to lineup construction?
According to The Book, the three most important spots in a lineup are the 1,2 and 4 spots. The most logical strategy is to provide your best hitters with the most opportunities to bat, especially with men on base, and those three spots in the lineup are statistically proven to be it.
I noticed last night that arguably baseball's worst offensive player, Franklin Gutierrez (yep, even worse than Yuni Betancourt) was batting second for the Mariners, so I took a look at what the rest of the league was doing about the two-hole. Here's a list of last night's number two hitters, along with their season wOBA and its rank against the other non-pitchers in each lineup:
Curtis Granderson, Yanks wOBA .412 1st
Allen Craig, Cardinals wOBA .395 3rd
Alex Presley, Pirates wOBA .369 1st
Brent Lillibridge, White Sox wOBA .368 2nd
JJ Hardy, O's wOBA .354 1st
Melky Cabrera, Royals wOBA .351 3rd
Ryan Roberts, Diamondbacks wOBA .348 3rd
Nyjer Morgan, Brewers wOBA .343 4th
Eric Thames, Blue Jays wOBA .334 6th (slightly contentious as he ranks behind the small sample size of Brett Lawrie)
Dexter Fowler, Rockies wOBA .332 4th
Bobby Abreu, Angels wOBA .327 4th
Coco Crisp, Athletics wOBA .327 4th (although Brandon Allen is ahead with a tiny sample size from playing in both leagues)
Ruben Tejada, Mets wOBA .321 5th
Johnny Damon, Rays wOBA .319 6th
Marco Scutaro, Red Sox wOBA .316 6th
Trevor Plouffe, Twins wOBA .312 3rd
Jeff Keppinger, Giants wOBA .311 4th
Martin Prado, Braves wOBA .310 7th
Jason Bourgeois, Astros wOBA .310 4th
Placido Polanco, Phillies wOBA .307 7th
Darwin Barney, Cubs wOBA .306 LAST
Elvis Andrus, Rangers wOBA .305 8th
Omar Infante, Marlins wOBA .302 7th
James Loney, Dodgers wOBA .300 LAST
Fred Lewis, Reds wOBA .283 7th
Jason Bartlett, Padres wOBA .282 7th
Magglio Ordonez, Tigers wOBA .261 8th
Cord Phelps, Indians wOBA .255 LAST
Franklin Gutierrez wOBA .247 LAST
Brian Bixler, Nats wOBA .233 LAST
Obviously 23 of the 30 MLB teams missed the memo about the two-hitter being one of the three most important slots. The most interesting thing about all this is that only two of the current division leaders used one of their three best available hitters in that slot last night. I'm not sure how serious the Tigers and Indians are about winning their division this year but they're definitely not doing themselves any favours by giving the likes of Magglio Ordonez and Cord Phelps that many at-bats. The same could be said about the Red Sox, who although being pretty much guaranteed a playoff spot this year (coolstandings.com gives them a cool 98.9% chance of playing October ball), can't be let off the hook when they've been batting Scutaro so high in the order whilst hitting the far more talented Josh Reddick as low as ninth. So much for the constant search for any slight edge over their bitter New York rivals, eh?
You could argue that non-contending teams like the Mariners and Nationals, who might not possess the offensive firepower of teams like the Red Sox and Yankees, might not have many alternatives to batting guys like Gutierrez and Bixler so high up in the lineup. However, as you can see from the list above, both those players had the WORST wOBA in their respective lineup. So even if both teams put their best two hitters in the leadoff and cleanup spots, they still have SIX more guys (five for the Nats when you consider the pitcher) who are arguably more valuable in the two-spot.
It certainly does seem like Major League managers in general could be a lot more efficient with their lineup construction than they currently are.